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Thursday, December 18, 2008

Slowdown showdown for credit cards?

By Mark Wright

The credit crunch is a little different to previous incarnations of economic slowdowns in that it has hit the consumer much harder and much earlier on in its development. The amount of personal borrowing against credit cards and the lenders' response to this particular crisis may have a great deal to do with that early-doors impact. A survey by the financial information analysts Moneyfacts has found that at least 10% of credit cards have raised their interest rates or fees as a direct result of the economic storm now battering UK PLC.

As a consequence, the average APR on credit cards has risen from 16.8% to 17.2% in just over three months. This upward trend is a direct counter to the Bank of England's 1.5% recent base rate cut, which brought the base rate down to 3% in an attempt to cool the prospect of rising inflation. This particular credit crunch is biting hard across the board. The slush fund banks use to lend to each other is running dry and this time consumers are feeling the squeeze as well. As a result consumer spending has dropped markedly meaning that even less money goes into the economy, perpetuating the situation. In lender's eyes, this lack of available cash means that customers pose a greater risk to the credit card companies due to the increased chance of defaulting on payments. But rather than just shoring up via interest charges, lenders are being much more proactive this time to try to stabilise the market for everyone.

As the financial institutions eyed each other suspiciously they also turned their attention to their customers, their confidence in the public's previous ability to meet repayments and pay back credit card debts evaporating. The lenders need continuous injections of cash into the system to carry on trading. The practice of banks lending to other banks has shuddered to a halt as financial institutions try to consolidate their own positions, and so that extra cash has to come from somewhere. Step forward, the great British public. The interest charges on loans, credit card debts, mortgages and credit agreements are the lifeline lenders need to continue doing business.

Up until 2007 the previous ten years were a boom time for credit card lenders in the UK. It wasn't just the credit crunch that stopped the credit card companies in their tracks. An extremely competitive credit marketplace, coupled with a global economic slowdown, increasing international bad debts and government regulations made the credit card lenders re-evaluate their positions. Some more panic-stricken credit card companies responded by 'dumping' thousands of customers they considered not 'profitable' - namely those who paid off their credit card balance in full every month. Other lenders are reigning in their customer's spending habits by restricting credit limits and access to cash withdrawals.

The credit card industry has been hit twice. The loss of the overall market share several years before resulted in a clamour for customers, with 0% balance transfers acting as financial carrots to customers wanting to reduce their interest payments on outstanding balances. Cards are now shifting towards a policy of charging up to 3% balance transfer fees to try to pull back some of the lost profit that the 0% offers cost them. The second blow was the Office of Fair Trading's decision in 2006 to cap penalty charges to 12. Now cards are lining up for another bureaucratic blow as the Complaint's Commission takes a closer look at the personal protection insurance schemes that often accompany credit card deals.

Unemployment is the next potential credit problem as the economic downturn starts to impact on jobs over the next 12 months. If things do get worse credit card customers can expect interest rates on their cards to go up not down, as lenders try to cushion themselves against the impact bad debt exposure could have on their business. There are still plenty of good credit card deals available. But lenders are a little more careful about whom they lend to, so the best thing to do to ensure that the credit crunch doesn't scupper your chances of getting a good deal is to check your credit rating measures up before you apply.

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